The Puck Drop: Arizona’s 1864 Abortion Ban and its Historical Context
In 1864, Arizona passed a near-total abortion ban, making the procedure before fetal movement a felony. This law was not an isolated incident but part of a larger power struggle between male physicians and midwives, as well as the fears and movements of the time.
Male physicians formed the American Medical Association in 1847 to gain authority over reproductive rights and healthcare decisions, seeking to quash competition from midwives and non-licensed providers. Rising birthrates among Catholic immigrants and falling birthrates among American-born women sparked fears of losing control over fertility, leading to the passing of abortion restrictions.
While the AMA’s stance on abortion has evolved over time, national restrictions leave doctors uncertain about when they can provide care without being prosecuted. The Arizona Supreme Court’s recent decision to uphold the ban has sparked controversy, with critics pointing out the gendered nature of the law and its seeming disregard for progress towards equality.
In the 1860s, birth control and pregnancy tests did not exist, leading to limited understanding of reproductive health and technology constraints. Early-term abortions were a common practice at the time.
Understanding the historical context of the Arizona abortion ban in 1864 sheds light on the power struggles in healthcare and the societal fears that led to the passing of restrictive abortion laws across the United States. As debates around reproductive rights continue today, it is essential to consider the complex history behind these laws. Stay tuned to ‘The Puck Drop’ for more updates on this ongoing issue.
