Health officials in the United States are warning doctors to be on the lookout for rare and serious cases of meningococcal infections. These infections are caused by a specific strain of Neisseria meningitidis bacteria that have higher fatality rates than usual.
What makes these cases particularly concerning is that they are affecting middle-aged adults, rather than the usual age groups that are at risk for meningococcal disease. In September, the Virginia Department of Health reported five deaths from this rare form of meningococcal disease.
Meningococcal disease can lead to meningitis and blood poisoning and is spread through respiratory and throat secretions. Cases have been caused by strains B, C, W, and Y, with the highest number reported in 2023 and more expected in 2024.
Most cases have been seen in adults aged 30 to 60, with higher rates among Black individuals and those with HIV. It is important to note that the symptoms of these infections may not include typical signs of meningitis, such as bloodstream infections and infected joints.
Immediate treatment with antibiotics is critical for those affected by meningococcal disease, and survivors may experience long-term effects. Fortunately, there is a vaccine available for bacterial meningitis that is recommended for children and vulnerable populations, with boosters recommended every 3 to 5 years.
It is crucial for healthcare providers and individuals to be aware of the symptoms of meningococcal disease and to seek treatment promptly if they suspect an infection. By staying informed and following recommended vaccination schedules, we can help protect ourselves and our communities from this potentially deadly disease.
